The processing quality of milled rice refers to the ability of the grains to withstand challenge and polishing without breaking, and it determines the final yield of edible rice 5. Rice quality-related traits broadly include processing quality, appearance quality, cooking quality, and eating quality 4. In recent years, with the increasing demand for high-quality rice, the quality-related traits of rice have gained increasing worldwide attention, and the improvement and enhancement of rice quality-related traits will help provide greater returns on investment for smallholder farmers,therefore, breeding new varieties of high-quality rice to meet market demand has become one of the main initiatives for rice breeders and molecular geneticists and a key objectives of rice research 2, 3. Rice is one of the most important food crops, with more than half of the global population dependent on it as a staple food 1.
In future research, by combining these QTL mapping results, we will be using backcrossing to aggregate excellent traits and achieve quality improvement of SN265. Moreover, we performed QTL localization on the RIL population and identified 94 QTLs for quality-related traits that formed 6 QTL clusters. Compared with SN265, these 5 lines showed better performance regarding the chalky grain percentage and chalkiness degree factor. Based on the weight ratio of each PC score, the RILs were classified into five types from excellent to poor, and five excellent lines were identified. These PCs included peak and hot paste viscosity, chalky grain percentage and chalkiness degree, brown and milled rice recovery, width length rate, cooked taste score, head rice recovery, milled rice width, and cooked comprehensive score factors. In this study, we used 151 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) obtained by crossing the northern cultivated japonica rice variety ShenNong265 (SN265) with the southern indica rice variety LuHui99 (LH99) and simplified 18 common rice quality-related traits into 8 independent principal components (PCs) by principal component analysis (PCA). Quality-related traits are some of the most important traits in rice, and screening and breeding rice lines with excellent quality are common ways for breeders to improve the quality of rice.
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